A. Choose the sentence (A, B or C) which means the same as the first sentence.

1   We have to pay the electricity bill before Friday.

      A We can pay it if we want to.

      B We must pay it.

      C We’ve already paid it.

2   You don’t need to buy me a birthday present.

      A You must buy me a birthday present.

      B It’s not necessary to buy me a birthday present.

      C You mustn’t buy me a birthday present.

3   I have to do some work on my project this evening.

      A I haven’t got time to do the work.

      B I’ve already done the work.

      C I need to do the work.

4   Lenny didn’t have to see the head teacher after all.

      A It wasn’t necessary for Lenny to see the head teacher.

      B Lenny went to see the head teacher.

      C Lenny is waiting to see the head teacher.

5   Students mustn’t run in school buildings.

      A They can run if they want to.

      B Students don’t like running.

      C Running isn’t allowed.

6   All passengers must fasten their seatbelts.

      A They have to fasten their seatbelts now.

      B They don’t have to fasten their seatbelts.

      C They can fasten their seatbelts.

7   Mr Reed had to go to the police station to answer some questions.

      A Mr Reed was able to go to the police static

      B Mr Reed forgot to go to the police station.

      C Mr Reed was obliged to go to the police station.

8   It’s kind of you to offer to help, but you really don’t need to.

      A I don’t want you to help me.

      B Your help isn’t necessary.

      C You won’t be able to help me.

Answer

1 B   2 B   3 C   4 A   5 C   6 A   7 C   8 B

B. Circle the correct word or phrase.

 ‘Smoking isn’t allowed in the airport.’

      You mustn’t / don’t have to smoke in the airport.

 ‘It’s not necessary to come to the train station to meet me.’

      You have to / don’t have to meet her at the train station.

 ‘We were forced to wait for over two hours in the rain!’

     They had to / didn’t need to wait for over two hours in the rain.

 ‘The instructions tell you to write in pencil.’

      You must / needn’t write in pencil.

 ‘You can contact us by either phone or e-mail.’

      You mustn’t / don’t have to phone them.

 ‘In my country, you can carry your passport with you if you want, but it’s not necessary.’

      In her country, you don’t need to / mustn’t carry your passport with you.

 ‘My grandfather was made to start work when he was just fourteen years old.’

      He had to / must start work when he was just fourteen years old.

 ‘It’s not necessary to book a hotel; you can stay in our spare room.’

      You mustn’t / don’t have to stay in a hotel.

Answer

1 mustn’t   2 don’t have to   3 had to

4 must   5 don’t have to   6 don’t need to

7 had to   8 don’t have to

C. Complete using the correct form of have to. You may have to use some negative forms.

1   Jade can’t come out tonight. She ……………………… look after her little brother.

2   I didn’t have enough money, so I ……………………… borrow some from Yuri.

3   It’s raining really hard, but luckily we ……………………… go out this evening.

4   To start the laptop you ……………………… press the power button.

5   Robbie worked last weekend, but I ……………………… .

6   …………………. you ………………….. go to piano lessons when you were younger?

Answer

1 has to   2 had to   3 don’t have to

4 have to   5 didn’t have to   6 Did/have to

D. Match the sentences with the explanations. You have to use some of the explanations more than once.

1   ‘Someone is at the door. It must be Mrs Johnson from next door.’   ……………

2   ‘Lena might not know where the cinema is.’   ……………

3   ‘Dad should know what the capital of New Zealand is.’   ……………

4   ‘Greg can’t be in the final! He’s a terrible player!’   ……………

5   ‘The dog is wet. It must be raining outside.’   ……………

6   ‘We may go to the Canary Islands for Easter.’   ……………

7   ‘Ken must like that film. He’s seen it six times!’   ……………

8   ‘Barry ought to be able to cook Chinese food. He lived there for two years.’   ……………

A   I’m almost certain.

B   It’s probable.

C   Maybe/ Perhaps.

Answer

1 A   2 C   3 B   4 A   5 A   6 C   7 A   8 B

E. Rewrite the sentences using the words given.

1   You’re expecting David to ring. The phone rings. must

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

2   Anna is a better runner than Rula. You think Anna will probably win the race tomorrow. should

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

3   A letter arrives. It’s possible that it’s from your cousin, Janice. could

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

4   There’s a knock at the door. Your mum says it might be Colin, but you know Colin is on holiday. can’t

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

5   You see someone wearing a costume. You think there’s a strong probability that she’s going to a fancy-dress party. must

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

6   Your sister is looking for her hairbrush. You think it’s possible that it’s in the living room. might

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

7   You’re waiting for Harriet to arrive. You think she’ll probably be there in half an hour. should

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

8   You’re talking about why James seems to be sad. You think it’s possible he’s in trouble at school. could

     ‘……………………………………………….. .’

Answer

1   It/That must be David

2   Anna should win the race tomorrow

3   It/The letter could be from (my cousin) Janice

4   It can’t be Colin

5   She must be going to a fancy-dress party

6   It/Your hairbrush might be in the living room

7   Harriet/She should be here in half an hour

8   James/He could be in trouble at school

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